草原游牧民与森林游猎民的超自然循环——以内蒙古呼伦贝尔为例

Supernatural Cycle of Steppe Nomads and Forest Hunters——a Case Study on Hulunbuir Inner Mongolia

互动共生只有在特定的条件下才能达成,即各文化在一定程度上的相互隔离。这种隔离一方面是在生态位上的隔离,另一方面则是在与超自然存在的互惠方式上的隔离。在呼伦贝尔,在森林狩猎民一方,超自然的互惠主要由乌力楞及氏族所组织的仪式完成。而在游牧民一方,更多的是对"永恒的天"的尊崇,依靠集体程序化的仪式去完成。呼伦贝尔各民族文化中,正是由于这两种不同循环方式所占程度的不同而相互之间产生差别而得以互动共生。

Symbiotic interaction could be achieved under certain circumstance, which is the inter - segregation of all cultures to some extent. This is ecological segregation on one side, and supernatural cycled segregation on the other. In Hulunbuir, supernatural cycle from forest hunters is achieved through ceremony made by urilen whereas even more worship to the eternal sky from steppe nomads is achieved through collective pro- gramming. In all cultures of Hulunbuir, differences are interactive and symbiotic due to different degree of the twp ways of cycle.