农村优质人力资源稀缺困境和出路——基于2011年农业部百乡万户调查的分析

The Scarce Predicament of the Rural Quality Human Resources and the Way—— Based on Survey of 2011 USDA One Hundred Ten Thousand Village

人力资本是具有决定性作用的生产要素。"三农"问题的核心是农民问题,农民问题的核心是农民综合素质问题。农村优质人力资源单向外流极其严重,且呈加速态势,农村人才枯竭,十年后谁来种地成为亟待解决的问题。务农农民年龄老化严重,不仅是一个经济问题,而且是一个道德问题和人文关怀问题。以农业收入、农民生产生活基础设施为主要载体的硬力量和以农民社会地位、制度和机制为主要载体的软力量严重不足,是农村优质人力资源稀缺的根本原因,农村难以留住和吸引人才,呈现衰败态势。农民为新民主主义革命、城市化、工业化、农业现代化和社会主义新农村建设做出了和正在做着巨大贡献。要切实以人为本,在更高水平上统筹城乡发展,全面提升农村硬力量和软力量;以培养优质人力资源团队、职业农民和实施飞地人才战略为重点,建设农村优质人力资源队伍,实现农民自身的全面发展,促进农业农村经济持续发展。

The human capital is the decisive factor of production.The 'Three Rural Issues' is the issue of farmers and the farmer is the core issue of the overall quality of the farmers.The issue of the outflow of quality human resources in rural areas,and accelerating trend,highlighting the scarcity problem,who is farming a decade later,is the problem to be solved.The aging farmer of the farming seriously,is not only an economic issue but also a moral issue and human care issue.To farm income,farmers' production and living infrastructure as the main carrier of the hard power and social status of farmers,institutions and mechanisms of soft power as the main carrier of a serious shortage of quality human resources are scarce in rural areas of the root causes of rural areas difficult to retain and attract talent facing decline.Farmers have and are doing to make a significant contribution to the New Democratic Revolution,urbanization,industrialization,agricultural modernization and the building of new socialist countryside.We shall take measure to truly people-oriented at a higher level of urban and rural development,enhance the rural hard power and soft power;to develop quality human resources team,professional enclave of farmers and implement human resources strategy,focusing on construction of rural high-quality human resources team to achieve their own farmers all-round development,and promote sustainable development of agriculture and rural economy.