孙中山民生史观与毛泽东唯物史观比较研究

Comparative Research on Sun Zhongshan's Historical View about Peoples' livelihood and Mao Zedong's Historical Materialism

对孙中山的民生史观与毛泽东的唯物史观进行比较研究,指出重视物质生产、经济建设、关心人民生活是他们历史观的共同点。但是,在历史动力与阶级斗争、国家学说上他们之间也存在着很大的不同,孙中山的民生史观是社会意识决定社会存在的表现,他认为"民生"、人类求生存才是历史发展的动力,阶级斗争是历史的病态,国家是武力造成的,只有阶级调和、人类互助,社会才会进步;而毛泽东坚持了马克思主义唯物史观,认为生产力与生产关系、经济基础与上层建筑之间的矛盾运动是推动社会发展的根本动力,阶级斗争是阶级社会发展的直接动力,国家是阶级统治的工具,体现了社会存在决定社会意识的唯物史观。

This paper tries to research on Sun Zhongshan＇s historical view about peoples＇ livelihood and Mao Zedong＇s historical materialism.Their similar views are that they all pay attention to the material production,the economic construction and peoples＇ life,but they have large different views in terms of the motivation of human society,class struggle and country theory.Sun Zhongshan＇s historical view about peoples＇ livelihood shows that social consciousness determines social mater.Sun Zhongshan thinks that human struggles for their livelihood are the power for the development of human history,and the class struggle hampers the development of human history,the countries are caused by military force.Therefore,Sun Zhongshan thinks that class harmony and peoples＇ reciprocal help can promote the progress of human history.However,Mao Zedong＇s adheres to historical materialism.He thinks that the contradiction of productivity and human relations among production,economic foundation and superstructure are the motivation of society,the class struggle can promote the social development in class society,and the country is direct power tools of upper class.Mao Zedong＇s historical materialism shows that the social mater determines social consciousness.