三种造林模式对北京北部人工水源涵养林地土壤肥力的影响研究

Study on the Influence of Three Afforestation Models on Soil Fertility of Artificial Water Conservation Forest in North of Beijing

为了认识不同造林模式对人工水源涵养林土壤肥力的影响作用,2010年8月在北京市密云县太师屯镇人工水源涵养林试验示范区内,选择了2008年植造的油松+五角枫+紫穗槐(Ⅰ)、油松+橡栎+五角枫(Ⅱ)和山桃+板栗(Ⅲ)3种模式营造的人工林地,设置相对应的3块标准样地1,2,3。对标准地内土壤养分含量进行了描述性统计分析,对土壤肥力进行了综合评价。结果表明:有机质含量为油松+橡栎+五角枫>油松+五角枫+紫穗槐>山桃+板栗,标准地3的有机质含量为11.3g/kg,比标准地1,2分别低54.3%和54%;全效氮与全效钾含量为:油松+五角枫+紫穗槐>油松+橡栎+五角枫>山桃+板栗,全氮、全钾含量分别为1.63,1.34,0.80g/kg和2.65,2.32,1.71g/kg。速效钾分别为48.45,96.65,37.75mg/kg。针阔混交林植物种类丰富,郁闭度大,枯落物积累数量多,对水源涵养林土壤肥力改善较为明显。

In order to understand the effect of different afforestation models on soil fertility of artificial water conservation forest,in August 2010,we chose three afforestation models： Pinus tabuliformis＋Acer elegantulum＋Amorpha fruticosa L.（Ⅰ）,Pinus tabuliformis ＋Quercus mongolica＋ Acer elegantulum（Ⅱ） and Amygdalus davidaiana＋Castanea mollissima（Ⅲ） which were planted in Experimental Area of Artificial Water Conservation Forest in Taishitun town,Miyun county,Beijing,2008,set three plots in corresponding afforestation models： standard one（S1）,standard two（S2） and standard three（S3）.The soil fertility of the three models of water conservation forest was evaluated by applying descriptive statistical analysis.The results show that： the order of soil organic matter status in each forest is ⅡⅠⅢ,the organic matter content of S3 was 11.3 g/kg,which was 54.3% and 54% lower than that of S1 and S2,respectively;the oder of total N and total K contents is ⅠⅡⅢ,the contents of total N in Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ were and 1.63 g/kg,1.34 g/kg and 0.80 g/kg;the contents of total K in Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ were 2.65 g/kg,2.32 g/kg and 1.71 g/kg,respectively;the contents of the available K in Ⅰ,Ⅱ and III were 48.45 mg/kg,96.65 mg/kg and 37.75 mg/kg.The botanic species is abundant,forest canopy closure is high and quantity of litter accumulation is much in the mixed needleleaf and broadleaf forest,which significantly improves soil fertility in artificial water conservation forest.