聚氨酯纳米复合材料中碳纳米管的分散研究

Dispersion of Carbon Nanotubes in Polyurethane Nanocomposites

碳纳米管的独特结构赋予了其优良性质,被认为是聚氨酯复合材料的理想添加相。然而,碳纳米管的分散效果直接影响了聚氨酯/碳纳米管复合材料的性能。主要介绍了碳纳米管在聚氨酯复合材料制备过程中的分散方法(分别采用机械分散、超声分散和磁力分散3种物理分散方法),分析了分散时间、分散频率等参数对分散效果的影响。结果表明,3种分散方法中,分散效果由好到差依次为超声分散、磁力分散和机械分散;并且随着分散时间的延长和分散频率的增大,分散效果总体上趋于变好;而对于磁力分散和超声分散,超过一定时间后又会出现碳纳米管重新团聚,最佳分散时间分别为2.0h和1.5h。

Carbon nanotubes were considered as the ideal phase to polyurethane compound materials owing to its fine nature with the unique structure. However, the dispersion effect of carbon nanotubes affected the performance of polyurethane and carbon nanotubes composites. The physical dispersion methods of carbon nanotubes were studied such as machining dispersion, ultrasonic dispersion and magnetic dispersion, and the impact of disperse parameters on the dispersion effect were analyzed such as time and ultrasonic frequency rate. The result indicate that the order of dispersion effect from good to poor was ultrasonic dispersion, magnetic dispersion and machining dispersion. With extension in time and disperse frequency increasing, the dispersion effect became better. But it also presents a carbon nano- meter tube reunited to magnetic and ultrasonic dispersion after the certainly scattered time, their best dispersion time are respectively 2. Oh and 1.5h.