核-壳结构纳米磁性复合颗粒的化学制备及应用进展

Chemical Preparation and Applications of Core-Shell Magnetic Fe_3O_4 Nanoparticles

核-壳结构纳米磁性颗粒作为一种新型材料,具有广泛的应用前景,克服了磁性粒子易于团聚、化学稳定性不高、易受氧化、表面羟基不足等缺点。文中综述了Fe3O4/聚合物和Fe3O4/SiO2两大类核-壳结构的纳米磁性复合颗粒的化学制备方法,包括溶胶-凝胶法、硅烷化反应法、聚合法、自组装法、超声波法、高温合成法、凝结法、超临界流体乳剂萃取法与膨胀-热解技术等,以及它们在电子信息、石油化工、环境保护、航空材料、生物医学等领域的应用进展。

The core-shell magnetic nanoparticles used as a new material attacted researche′s attention.The core-shell magnetic nanoparticles have some advantages of non-aggregation,good chemical stability,stable against oxidation and more hydroxyl groups than magnetic nanoparticles.The chemical preparation methods were summarized for magnetite/polymer and magnetite/silica with core-shell structure.These chemical preparation methods involved sol-gel approach,silane-coupling action,miniemulsion polymerization,reverse microemulsion polymerization,surface-initiated radical polymerization,RAFT-mediated graft polymerization,in situ self-assembly process,sonochemical approach,supercritical fluid extraction of emulsions,swelling and thermolysis technique.The application of core-shell magnetic nanoparticles in electronic information,petroleum chemistry,environmental protection,aeronautical materials and biomedicine was introduced.