仿生合成中的单核铜蛋白及其含铜金属模拟酶的研究

Progress in the Study of Mononuclear Cupreins and Models for Metalloenzymes in Biomimetic Synthesis

仿生化学的研究重点之一是对各类天然金属酶的氧化模拟。文章主要综述了近年来国内外对含金属铜的单核蛋白质体蓝素结构、半乳糖氧化酶、含铜的胺氧化酶和铜锌超氧歧化酶等的结构特点和催化功能的研究进展。质体蓝素结构为畸变的四面体,参与光合作用过程中电子传递;半乳糖氧化酶活性中心结构是平面四边形,能将伯醇氧化成相应的醛;铜锌超氧歧化酶具有Cu和Zn双金属中心;而胺氧化酶具有醌式辅基,能将伯胺氧化为醛和NH3。并介绍了对各类单核铜蛋白的结构和催化性能进行仿生模拟的研究概况。

Models for metalloenzymes are important in biomimetic chemistry research. This review summarizes the recent progress in the research of mononuclear copper proteins such as plastocyanins, galactose oxidase, Cu-Zn SOD, copper amine oxidases. Structure of plastocyanins is distorted tetrahedron, which is the sole protein responsible for photosynthetic electron transfer. The active center of galactose oxidase is planar quadrilateral. It can catalyze oxidation of primary alcohol to aldhyde. Cu-Zn SOD has Cu and Zn two metal center. Copper amine oxidases constrains a topo quinone cofacter that oxidate primary amine to aldhyde and NH3. And introduce copper complexes as models for the active site of copper oxidases.