明代皇帝视学初探

The Exploration of Emperor's Educational Inspection in Ming Dynasty

皇帝视学是指皇帝到最高学府进行的视察活动。明代皇帝视学仪包括皇帝到孔庙行释奠礼、幸彝伦堂、讲官讲经、皇帝宣谕、幸学隆施等内容。从明代历位皇帝的视学记录及其视学内容中可以看出明代皇帝视学目的是为了崇儒重道和加强对国子监的控制及经学教育。

Emperor＇s educational inspection means the inspecting activities of the emperor to the seat of learning.The ceremony of emperor＇s educational inspection in Ming dynasty includes sacred ceremonies to Confucian temple,visiting Yi Lun Hall,teaching the government principles and sermon,announcing Constitutions principium and rewarding the students.From the record of emperor＇s educational inspection in Ming Dynasty and its detail we can see the purpose of the inspection was to advocate the Confucianism and uphold the Taoism,as well as to strengthen the control of the Imperial Academy and put the study of Confucian classics into effect.