载人深潜器供氧技术研究

Research on Supplying Methods of Oxygen Applied in Human Occupied Vehicle

可靠稳定的供氧系统是载人潜水器研制中所必须解决的问题。比较了各种类型水下运载器如潜艇、载人深潜器等对载人密闭舱室内氧气浓度的不同要求。针对载人深潜器载人舱内的客观条件,从动力、空间大小、浓度要求等方面论证其对供氧的特殊要求。分析了常见的几种密闭环境下的供氧技术,如物理供氧、电解水、氧烛、超氧化物等技术各自的优缺点,在此基础上,开发了一种供氧技术及研制了样机。使用该样机进行封闭空间内的有人供氧试验,以验证该项技术的效果。试验结果证明了这种技术的有效性。在完成样机试验后,又将样机随"蛟龙号"载人潜水器进行1000m、3000m和5000m级海试。海试的成功验证了样机的有效性。

A Stable and reliable supplying system of oxygen is very important for the development of a deep manned submersible. In this paper different requirements of O2 concentration in a closed space at various underwater vehicles, such as submarine and human occupied vehicle （HOV）, are introduced. Particular demands for supplying O2 are analyzed from three aspects, power, space size and O2 concentration. Several O2 supplying methods in a closed space such as peroxide, physical oxygen supply, water electro-analysis, and potassium chlorate pyrogenation are compared and one appropriate method among them is selected for HOV. According to this supplying mechanism, a suitable O2 supplying technology and a prototype are developed to prove the effectiveness of this method. The oxygen supply prototype is set up in the cabin of the ＂Jiaolong＂. A series of experiments has been achieved in both the South China Sea and the North-East Pacific. The validity of the prototype is approved by these experiments.