摘要
利用matlab工具模拟了布朗运动测量的实验。通过一正态随机数产生函数模拟从而产生布朗运动步距。在假定粒子所受拖曳力满足斯托克斯关系的情况下,通过拟合多个粒子的均方位移随时间的变化曲线得到斜率,从而进一步可得出扩散系数和波尔兹曼常数。同时,根据模拟结果也对如何减小实验误差作了分析。
Brownian motion experiment was simulated using Matlab.The step lengths for a Brownian particle movements were generated by a random function,which generated arrays of random numbers whose elements are normally distributed.From the mean squared displacement of the simulated particles versus time curves,the diffusion constant and Boltzmann constant were obtained,assuming that the drag force on an individual particle was well defined by the stokes＇ law.The simulation measurements agreed well with theoretical prediction.According to the results,we also analyzed how to decrease experimental error.
出处
《大学物理实验》
2011年第6期67-70,共4页
Physical Experiment of College
关键词
布朗运动
计算机模拟
扩散系数
Brownian motion
computer simulation
diffusion coefficient
