尘肺患者生命质量现状与心理健康状况调查

Rearch on the psychological health status and quality of life in pneumoconiosis patients

目的通过对尘肺患者的生存质量和心理健康状况的调查,分析其影响因素,从而进行必要的干预和指导,提高患者生活质量。方法采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)和世界卫生组织生存质量测定量表简表(WHOQOL-BREF量表)对在宁夏煤炭总医院及各个分院现住院治疗的尘肺患者117例和同期住院的患有其他呼吸道疾病的接尘工人83例进行调查,运用SPSS11.5统计分析软件,将症状自评量表各因子得分与对照组及全国常模进行比较分析,对WHOQOL-BREF量表各领域得分与对照组进行比较;对病例组各领域得分影响因素进行pearson相关分析;以尘肺患者年龄、民族、工龄、期别、患病状况、确诊时间为自变量,以生存质量各领域得分为应变量,对尘肺患者生存质量影响因素进行多元线性回归分析。结果尘肺患者各因子得分均高于国内常模组,恐怖症状得分低于国内常模;煤工尘肺患者各因子得分均高于对照组,敌对因子得分低于对照组。尘肺患者的生存质量总分及生理、心理、社会4个领域得分均低于对照组(P<0.01),环境领域得分高于对照组(P>0.05)。逐步回归分析结果,民族、工龄与尘肺患者心理领域有关,期别与其社会领域有关。结论尘肺患者的生存质量明显下降,其在心理健康方面存在严重问题,应加强心理健康教育和心理治疗。

Objective To evaluate the quality of life and psychologicalhealth status of coalworkers with pneumoconiosis, analysis its main influencing factors of pneumoconiosis, so as to conduct necessary intervention and guidance and improve their life quality. Methods 117 pneumoconiosis patients who had hospitalization at all kind of coal hospital in Ningxia, were interviewed with SCL - 90 and WHO QOL - BREF. SCL - 90 table was applied to evaluate the psychological health status of coalworkers with pneumoconiosis. The factor scores of patients were compared with that of control group and the national norm with SPSS11.5 software, WHOQOL - BREF table was applied to appraise the quality of life. The domain scores of patients were compared with control group and the main influencing factors were analyzed with stepwisc regression analysis. Results Coalworkerswith pneumoconios is had a higher score in each factor compared with the nationalnorm; except for factor （Terrible symptoms）, coalworkerswith pneumoconiosis also had a higher score comparedwith the controlgroup. The tall points of quality of life and the average scores of physical, psychological, social and environmental domains were lower than the control group （P 〈0.01 ）. Stepwise regression analysis found that age,length of contacting dust, disease stages, nation, the time of diagnosis et were correlated with the quality of life of pneumoconiosis patients （ one or most of physical, psychological, social and environmental domains）. Conclusion Quality of life of pneumoconiosis patients were lower statistically, Serious psychologicaldisorderswere found among coalworkerswith pneumoconiosis, it is necessary to enhance the psychological health education and psychological treatment.