庄子“真人”考辨

A Study of the "Immortal Man" Put forward by Zhuang Zi

庄子《大宗师》中出现了四则有关"真人"的论述。通过《庄子》全书的比读,可知真人是庄子自身理想人格的画像,等同于"至人"。真人一旦上升到"道"的层面,又等同于"神人"。真人思想的矛盾性源自《庄子》材料来源的复杂性。作为天道哲学的真人,其思想源自《道德经》、《山海经》等典籍;作为生命哲学的真人,源自《黄帝内经》、《周易》等。由后者形成一种"葆真"的生命哲学观,产生了积极的深远影响。

The ＂immortal man＂ appeared in four parts of the Dazongshi by Zhuang Zi： After reading the chapters of Zhuang Zi, we can look on the ＂immortal man＂ as Zhuang Zi＇s own portrait of the immortal personality, the same as the ＂perfect man.＂ Once the immortal man combines with the way of heaven, the ＂immortal man＂ is equivalent to the ＂deity＂. The contradiction within the immortal man thoughts results from the complexity of the source material in Zhuang Zi. Based on the philosophy of Heaven, the thoughts originated from Dao De Jing by Lao Zi, Shan Hai Jing and other books; based on the ＂immortal＂ philosophy of life, from The Yellow Emperor＇s Classic of Internal Medicine, The Book of Changes and so on.