延宕的思考者——蔡伯喈与哈姆雷特形象比较研究

Procrastinative Thinkers:a Comparative Study of Cai Bojie and Hamlet

东、西方戏剧史上,相似的历史背景下出现了相似的思考者典型。英国伊丽莎白时期诞生的哈姆雷特形象以人生的负重者出现,他的个人悲剧代表了当时人文主义者的理想悲剧,他以忧郁、延宕的性格成为具有世界意义的共名。中国明代古典戏剧《琵琶记》中的蔡伯喈,背负沉重的人生思考,包涵深厚的文化性格,与哈姆雷特具有很强的可比性。二剧皆对主要人物延宕为主的性格进行渲染,并由此展开尖锐的戏曲冲突,但矛盾的调解方式及结局却大相径庭,由此烛照出东西方文化传统与戏剧观念的差异。

In the history of both east and west plays, similarities in historical contexts brought about similar typical thinkers. Hamlet, an image depicted in the Elizabethan period, represented the ideal tragedy in the eyes of humanists. He becomes a common name of global significance characterized by melancholy and procrastination. Cai Bojie in Chinese classical play The Story of the Lute is similar to Hamlet in that he is laden with heavy reflections of human beings and a character endowed with great cultural elements. Therefore, these two images are quite comparable. Beyond their similarities, they differ greatly in their endings, reflecting the difference in western and eastern concepts of plays and cultural traditions.