论明代山东海防的特点与得失

On the Traits and Gains and Losses of Shandong's Coastal Defense in the Ming Dynasty

海防问题是明代统治者关注的重大课题,作为国家海防全局中的重要组成部分,山东海防具有几个鲜明的特点:一是海防对象的多样性和阶段性,二是海防部署形成了体系和规模,三是以登、莱二府为海防重点,四是海防地位的非重心性。明代统治者在筹海问题上有得有失,受国家海防政策的影响,山东海防在维护海疆安全、促进海疆开发方面发挥了积极作用,同时也存在一些失误,这些失误积重难返,从根本上制约了山东海防的持久、健康发展。

The coastal defense was one of the important issues in the Ming Dynasty. As one of the important parts of the whole coastal defense chain of china, Shandong＇ s coastal defense had its own clear traits. The first is the diversity and gradualness of the coastal defense object. The second is that the coastal defense deployment became systematic and had a certain scale. The third was that Deng Zhou and Lai Zhou was the key points of coastal defense. The forth was that the coastal defense status was not the center in the whole coast defense chain of china. The Ming Dynasty had gains and losses in its coastal defense. Because of the influence of the country＇ s policy, Shandong＇ s coastal defense had both positive and negative functions. The negative function restricted the sustainable and healthy development of the Shandong＇ s coastal defense.