传染病流行病学调查的心理技能应用

Application of psychological skills in epidemiological investigations of infection diseases

在传染病的流行病学调查(以下简称流调)现场,营造医患认知的和谐心理,形成指导合作型医患关系,是提高调查效率基础信息质量、以精准快速做出群体流行病学诊断、及时提出主导性及综合性防控措施的重要保障。同时也是流调工作者不断探索传染病流调与相关学科的结合点,提高工作水平的过程。在"预防为主、防治结合、分类管理、依靠科学、依靠群众"的国家防控传染病20字方针指导下,现从临床接诊场所流调、疾控专业人员对个案流调以及对传染病聚集场所流调3个环节,通过理论学习和工作实践,浅谈心理学技能应用对传染病流调的重要意义。

In field epidemiological investigations of infectious diseases,it is essential to establish harmonious and guidance-cooperation psychological mode of doctor-patient relationship,which is an important guarantee for improving efficiency of investigation,its quality of basic information,rapid and accurate diagnosis for infectious disease epidemic,as well as developing dominant and comprehensive preventive measures.Furthermore,harmonious relationship between doctors and patients could help to improve combination of epidemiology and other related disciplines and level of investigation work.Under the guidance of national strategy for prevention and control of infectious diseases,i.e.,putting prevention first,combining treatment with prevention,managing based on varied actual situations,depending on scientific evidence and depending on the mass participation,the importance of psychological skills in epidemiological investigation of infection disease is described and discussed in this paper,including theoretical and practical epidemiology of clinical diagnosis,and investigations of individual and aggregation of cases of infection disease.