国外对发展中国家经济状况与国民主观幸福感关系的研究

The Studies outside China on the Relation of Economic Status and Subjective Well-being in Developing Countries

国外心理学家、社会学家和经济学家对经济状况与主观幸福感的关系开展了大量研究。笔者通过对相关研究的分析发现,发展中国家经济状况与主观幸福感的相关显著地强于发达国家样本的相关。发展中国家的低收入样本经济状况与主观幸福感的相关最强,高收入样本经济状况与主观幸福感的相关最弱。样本受教育程度越高,其经济状况与主观幸福感的相关越低;受教育程度最低的样本,其经济状况与主观幸福感的相关最强。主观幸福感与经济状况的构成以及样本的性别分布会影响二者之间的相关。为此,文章对研究结果进行了需要理论解释。

Psychologists, sociologists, and economists outside China have conducted many researches on the relation of economic status and subjective well-being （SWB） in developing countries. The findings from related re- searches are as follows： The economic status - SWB relation for developing countries is significantly stronger than that for developed countries. The association is strongest for low-income samples within developing country and wea- kest for high-income samples. The economic status - SWB relation declines with increases in educational attain- ment, such that the relation is strongest for the least-educated samples. The constructs used to measure SWB and e- conomic status, as well as the gender distribution of the sample were found to affect the economic status - SWB re- lation. The results were explained with need theory.