护林碑刻的分类及其功能透析——基于绥宁县护林碑刻的考察

Classification and function of forest inscriptions: Based on the study of the inscriptions in Suining

基于实地调查所获取的历代护林碑刻资料,绥宁县护林碑刻从内容上大致可分为风水培植、定界息讼、封山育林、保护歇凉古树四类,从立碑的主体上看主要有官府的山林封禁碑、村寨的育林规约碑、家族的山林分界碑、会社组织的护树告示碑等类型。护林碑刻不仅蕴含丰富的生态信息与历代护林思想,还体现出当地少数民族在人工林经营上的制度性选择。其功能主要体现为传承生态维护理念,稳定宜林地边界,宣示毁林的惩罚规制。

Based on fieldwork of Suining county forest inscriptions, this paper introduced four types of forest inscriptions forming geomantic omen; demarcation; closing hillsides to facilitate afforestation; old trees protection. Viewing from the aims of these inscriptions, they can be classified into four types： steles built by authorities with rules of mountain forests; inscriptions built by villages for afforestation; inscriptions for delimitation of families＇ hills; inscriptions built by different societies for trees protection. The forest inscriptions contain not only a wealth of ecological information and ideas of ancient forest protection, but also reflect the local ethnic minorities＇ system options in the plantation management. The function of forest inscriptions primarily lies in protecting ecological environment and the boundary for forest, declaring punishment regulation of deforestation.