土壤、沉积物和植物样品中多环芳烃(PAHs)不同提取与净化方法比较

Comparison of Extraction and Purification Methods for Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons(PAHs) in Soil,Sediment and Plant Samples

系统分析和比较了土壤、沉积物和植物样品中多环芳烃(PAHs)的提取与净化方法,阐述和对比了索氏提取法、超声波提取法、超临界流提取法、固相提取与固相微提取法、固液提取法、微波辅助提取法、快速溶剂提取法等提取方法以及定量浓缩净化法、硅胶柱层析净化法、费罗里土柱层析净化法、氧化铝净化法、固相萃取(SPE)净化法等净化方法。旨在通过比较目前的提取和净化方法,展望将来提取与净化方法发展的新方向。

Various extraction and purification methods for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons（PAHs） in soil,sediment and plant samples were systematically analyzed.The extraction methods including Soxhlet extraction,ultrasonic assisted extraction,supercritical fluid extraction,solid phase extraction,solid phase microextraction,solid-liquid extraction,cloud point extraction,shaking extraction,microwave assisted extraction and accelerated solvent extraction were expounded and compared.At the same time the purification methods were also reviewed,such as quantitative concentrated purification,silica column purification,Florisil column purification,alumina gel column purification,gel permeation chromatography purification and solid phase extraction（SPE） purification.The extraction and purification methods for plant samples were similar with those for soil and sediment samples.The most widely applied extraction methods for plants were Soxhlet extraction,ultrasonic assisted extraction,supercritical fluid extraction,accelerated solvent extraction,solid phase extraction and plant solvent extraction.The most widely applied purification methods for plants were silica column purification,saponification assisted silica column purification,gel permeation chromatography purification,solid phase extraction（SPE） purification and hollow fiber liquid micro-extraction.According to the comparison of the current extraction and purification methods,future developments for both of the methods were suggested.New equipments should be explored to reduce the inaccuracy of experiments.