对虾高位池循环水养殖系统对水质调控效果研究

Effects of a Water Recycling Treatment System on Water Quality Control in Upper Tidal Shrimp Ponds

为了改善高位池对虾养殖水质,降低养殖环境污染,提高产品质量安全,对自主研发的高位池循环水养殖系统调控对虾养殖水质的效果进行研究,设计了3个不同循环量(20m·3h-1,T1)、(40m3·h-1,T2)、(60m3·h-1,T3)水处理系统进行高位池试验。结果表明,不同处理量的循环水系统均能有效地降低水体中NH4+和NO2-,T1、T2、T3对NH4+的相对消除率分别为46%、56%、57%;对NO2-的相对消除率分别为38%、34%、54%;各处理组对NO3-均没有明显的消除作用。T1、T2对PO34-无消除效果,T3对PO34-的相对消除率为36%。T1对COD无消除效果,T2、T3对COD的相对消除率为9%、15%。综合比较可知,60m·3h-1循环水处理系统对改善水质效果最好,40m3·h-1次之,20m3·h-1最差。

A water recycling treatment system composed with a protein skimmer and a biological filter was designed and used to treat the upper tidal shrimp pond water during culture process.The effects of recycling water treatment system on nitrogen and phosphorus removal was investigated in the present experiment.Three flow rate treatments were set：20 m3·h-1（T1）,40 m3·h-1（T2） and 60 m3·h-1（T3）.The results showed that the concentration of total ammonia nitrogen（NH＋4） and nitrite nitrogen（NO-2） were significantly decreased in all the treatments.The total ammonia nitrogen（NH＋4） removal rates in T1,T2 and T3 were 46%,56% and 57%,respectively.The nitrite nitrogen（NO-2） removal rates in T1,T2 and T3 were 38%,34%,54%,respectively.However,the nitrate（NO-3） removal in all treatment was not significant.Treatment T3 reduce the phosphorus（PO3-4） concentration by 36%,but treatments T1 and T3 showed no significant effects.The reduction efficiency of chemical oxygen demand（COD） in treatments T2 and T3 was 9% and 15%,respectively.Whereas the pond water COD was not significantly affected by treatnment T1.In general,the above results suggested that the water quality of upper tidal shrimp ponds could be improved by the water recycling treatment system,and the effect could be increased by increasing the recycling water flow rates.