天津近郊地区淡水养殖水体的表层水及沉积物中典型抗生素的残留分析

Distribution Characteristics of Typical Antibiotics in Surface Water and Sediments from Freshwater Aquaculture Water in Tianjin Suburban Areas,China

利用固相萃取-高效液相色谱-串联质谱联用技术(SPE-HPLC-MS/MS)分析了天津近郊养殖水体的表层水及沉积物中喹诺酮类、四环素类及磺胺类3类共18种抗生素的残留,同时考察3类抗生素在不同季节的变化分布特征。结果表明,在淡水养殖水体的表层水中环丙沙星、恩诺沙星和土霉素等检出率较高,浓度范围在10.5～26.8μg·L-1之间;相对地,在养殖水体的沉积物中磺胺甲基异噁唑、磺胺甲噻二唑、磺胺二甲氧嘧啶、诺氟沙星的检出率较高,浓度范围在1.5～30.1μg·kg-1之间。研究同时发现,冬季3类抗生素在表层水和沉积物中的检出率和检出浓度普遍高于夏季。说明在我国部分淡水养殖地区的养殖水体中已经有一定量的磺胺类和喹诺酮类抗生素的残留,并可能威胁到水生生物的安全,进一步对人体健康产生危害,因此应加强对淡水养殖环境中抗生素残留的监测与管理。

The residues of 18 antibiotics including quinolones,tetracyclines and sulfonamides in the surface water and sediments from freshwater aquaculture water in Tianjin suburban areas were analyzed via SPE-HPLC-MS/MS,and their seasonal variation characteristics were also investigated.In the surface water,ciprofloxacin,enrofloxacin and oxytetracycline had high detection frequencies,with concentrations ranging from 10.5~26.8 μg·L-1,while in the sediments sulfamethoxazole,sulfamethoxazole thiadiazole,sulfadimethoxine and norfloxacin were most frequently detected,with concentrations ranging from 1.5~30.1 μg·kg-1.The detection frequencies and antibiotic levels in both surface water and sediment were higher in winter than in summer.Results showed the occurrence of quinolones and sulfonamides residues in freshwater aquaculture environment,which may potentially exert adverse effect to aquatic organisms and human health,suggesting the necessity to strengthen the monitoring and management of antibiotic residues in the freshwater aquaculture environment.