小组联保模式:突破微型金融发展的瓶颈

Joint Liability Model:Way to Break Microfinance Bottleneck

微型金融在我国的发展过程中遇到了成本、心理预期、风险和担保等瓶颈。由格莱珉银行率先提出的小组联保模式,是在微观层面上突破这些瓶颈的重要制度。对金融机构而言,小组联保模式能够缓解信息不对称、优化展望值、分散风险;对农户而言,小组联保模式能使其充分利用社会资本、为其提供交流平台。但小组联保模式仍存在一些尚需改善的地方。为更好地突破微型金融面临的瓶颈,应推进信用体系建设、完善激励约束机制、建立风险防范体系。

Microfinance＇s development in China has met some bottlenecks in terms of cost,risk,guarantee,and psychological expectation.Joint liability model,firstly put forward by Grameen Bank,is an important mechanism to break through these bottlenecks.For financial institutions,the model can help spread risk,overcome information asymmetry,and optimize the expectation value and for farmers,the model can help them take full advantage of social capital.However,there are still some problems.To ameliorate this mechanism and overcome these bottlenecks,relevant institutions should propel the construction of the credit system,improve the incentive and restraint mechanism,and establish risk prevention system.