儿童手足口病住院病例流行病学分析

Epidemiological analysis of hospitalized children with hand,foot and mouth disease

目的探讨手足口病(HMFD)住院病例流行病学特征,为有效预防控制疫情扩散提供参考依据。方法收集2011年1～7月来自渝东北8个区县儿童HMFD住院病例资料,分析其流行特征和流行趋势,并与2010年比较。结果 2011年1～7月HMFD发病就诊率(14.30/10万)、重症率(2.84%)及病死率(0.79%)均较2010年同期发病就诊率(8.97/10万)、重症率(1.51%)及病死率(0.45%)明显上升,以万州区、云阳县、开县为主要发病地,以散居儿童为主要发病人群,主要集中在1～3岁(平均2.37岁),患病男女性别比为1.81∶1。结论 HMFD疫情形势严峻,应切实加强HMFD的全民防病意识,加强乡村医生培训,做好疫情监测和医院感染控制工作。

Objective To explore the epidemiological characteristics of hospitalized children with hand,foot and mouth disease（HFMD） and provide reference for effective prevention and control of HFMD spread.Methods Clinical case data of hospitalized children with HFMD from 8 districts and counties in northeast Chongqing from January to July 2011 were collected.The epidemiological characteristics and trends were analyzed and compared with those in 2010.Results Consultation rate（14.30/100 000）,severe case rate（2.84%） and mortality rate（0.79%） of HMFD during January-July 2011 were significantly increased when compared with those which were 8.97/100 000,1.51% and 0.45%,respectively,at the same period in 2010.HMFD occurred mainly in children aged from 1 to 3 years old（average of 2.37 years） who lived scatteredly in Wanzhou,Yunyang and Kai counties,with male to female ratio of 1.81∶1.Conclusion Epidemic situation of HFMD is severe.Strengthen national consciousness of HFMD prevention and enhancing training of rural doctor can facilitate the epidemic monitoring and nosocomial infection control.