粉尘螨滴剂治疗儿童尘螨过敏性结膜炎的疗效观察

Survey of the effect of dermatophagoides farinae drops in treatment with allergic conjunctivitis

目的评价粉尘螨滴剂治疗儿童尘螨过敏性结膜炎的疗效和安全性。方法选择55例尘螨过敏性结膜炎患儿,随机分为对照组与实验组,对照组发作期口服抗组胺药,外滴色干酸钠眼药水,实验组在对照组基础上加舌下含服粉尘螨滴剂脱敏治疗。结果对照组显效7例31.8%),有效9例(40.9%),无效6例(27.3%),总有效率72.7%;实验组显效22例(66.7%),有效7例(21.2%),无效4例(12.1%),总有效率87.9%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不良反应:1例患儿在使用3号第6滴时出现轻度哮喘发作,3例患儿出现眼部及鼻炎症状加重,5例局部不良反应,如口、舌或唇的轻微肿胀,无全身不良反应发生。结论舌下含服粉尘螨滴剂脱敏治疗儿童尘螨过敏性结膜炎是一种安全、有效的治疗方法。

Objective To evaluate the safety and efficacy of dermatophagoides farinae drops on children with allergic conjunctivitis. Methods Fifty-five children of allergic conjunctivitis with dust mite were randomly divided into control group and experimental group, control group in episode oral antihistamine drugs, external use sodium cromoglicate eye drops. Based on the control group, the experimental group take dermatophagoides farinae drops desensitization treatment by sublingual immunotherapy. Results On control group, very effective in 7 cases （31.8%）, efficiency in 9 cases （40.9%）, invalid in 6 cases（27.3%）, the total effective rate 72.7%. The experimental group very effective in 22 cases （66.7%）, efficiency in 7 cases （21.2%）, invalid in 4 cases （12.1%）, the total effective rate 87.9%. There were statistically significant between two groups of comparisons difference. Adverse reaction： one child appear mild asthma attack, three children appear aggravating the eye and rhinitis symptoms, five children have local adverse effects, such as the slight swelling of mouth,tongue or lip. no systemic adverse reactions. Conclusions Dermatophagoides farinae drops by sublingual immunotherapy is safe and effective in treating allergic conjunctivitis with dust mite in children.