真菌引起支气管哮喘发展和加重的免疫学机制

Immune mechanism of the development and exacerbation of bronchial asthma induced by fungi

支气管哮喘(简称哮喘)是常见的气道慢性炎症性疾病,多种环境因素可引起哮喘恶化加重,其中真菌感染是一个很重要的因素。有很多证据显示哮喘患者存在真菌致敏,且在真菌致敏和哮喘严重度之间存在强的相关性。近年来很多研究主要从真菌对免疫细胞和上皮细胞的影响两个方面阐释了真菌引起哮喘加重的免疫学机制。此免疫学机制的阐明对于探索治疗重症哮喘的新途径有重要的意义。

Bronchial asthma （asthma） is an inflammatory disease of the airways which maybe worsened due to many extrinsic factors. The most common trigger is the infection of fungi. There is increasing evidence for the presence of fungal sensitization in asthmatics. There is also a strong association between fungal sensitization and severity of asthma. Many studies mainly elucidated the immune mechanism of severe asthma induced by fungi from two aspects in recent years. One is immune cells, the other epithelial ceils. The elucidation of the associated of mechanism is significant to explore the new approaches of asthma treatment.