世界历史视野中的近代中国社会形态变化

Social Form Changes in Early Modern China:A view in horizon of world history

世界历史的视野,是研究近代中国社会形态变化需要遵循的根本方法。近代西方的重大变化是了解近代中国重大变化的重要的外部条件。中国和西方在近代历史上第一次碰撞就构成了对立的存在。近代中国史是以鸦片战争的爆发为起点的。作为一个具有象征意义的标尺,鸦片战争是资本主义本性的显现,是资本全球扩张的必然产物。正是资本主义的本性决定了,西方资本主义的入侵,是影响近代中国逐渐沦为半殖民地半封建国家的主要原因。在这个问题上,不能简单地搬用唯物辩证法的内外因关系原理。

The horizon of world history is a fundamental method that should be applied in the study of social form changes in early modern China. The great changes in modern Western society are important external conditions by which we can understand the great changes in early modern China. The first clash between China and Western societies in the early modern history resulted to the existence of conflicts. Early modern history of China began at the Opium War, which, as a meaningful yardstick, is a representation of capitalist nature and an inevitable outcome of the global expansion of capitals. It is the capitalist nature that made Western invasion the principal cause of China＇s downgrade into semi,colonial and semi-feudal country. On this issue, it is not appropriate to resort to the simplistic application of materialist dialectical principle of internal/external relation.