4种剂型保水剂吸水和保水特性研究

Water Absorbency and Retention of 4 Kinds of Absorbent Polymers

对旱宝贝保水剂(B)、植物体保水剂(D)、营养型保水剂(N)、生态功能型保水剂(L)等4种剂型保水剂的吸水与保水特性,粒径与吸水倍率关系以及冷冻对吸水和保水性的影响进行了研究。结果表明,不同剂型保水剂均具有较好的吸水性,但剂型不同,吸水特性不同。吸水过程中,L型保水剂具有明显的吸水高峰;B3和N型保水剂吸水曲线平缓,达到吸水饱和所需时间较长;吸水初期,D型保水剂的吸水速率大于B3和N型保水剂,之后则变小。同种溶液中,保水剂的吸水倍率表现为L型保水剂最大,B3和N型保水剂次之,D型保水剂最小;不同溶液中,保水剂吸水倍率表现为:蒸馏水>井水>土壤提取液。剂型不同,保水性不同;充分吸水情况下,保水剂吸水倍率越大,完全失水所需时间越长;相同吸水量下,4种保水剂间保水性差异可分为差异显著期和差异不明显期。成份相同的保水剂,小颗粒吸水较快,大颗粒吸水较慢。水溶液中的离子对保水剂影响较大,能显著降低其吸水倍率。经冷冻处理后,保水剂的吸水倍率和保水性变化不大。

An experiment about 4 kinds of absorbent polymers,they were conducted to study water absorbency and retention,relationship between water absorbency and particle size,and refrigeration effect on water absorbency and retention.The results showed that all these absorbent polymers had powerful water absorbency,but the water absorbing ability depended on the kind of absorbent polymers.Functional absorbent polymer（L） with maximum water absorption rate had a clear water absorbent peak in distilled water,while Hanbaobei（B） and nutrition（N） absorbent polymer with no obvious peak required more time to reach to the saturation point and water absorption rate of plant absorbent polymer（D） was greater than the one of B and N absorbent polymer during the initial stage,and became lower after that.The water absorbency was distilled waterwell watersoil solution,and no obvious difference in the later two,while L had the largest water absorbent rate,then B and N,D was the lowest,when they were in the same solution.At the same water absorption,the 4 kinds existed significant and insignificant differences periods,while the greater the water absorbency is,the longer time is required for complete dehydration,if they absorb water adequately.Besides,water absorbency was not only influenced by solution but also particle size.Moreover,refrigeration treatments had little effect on both water absorbency and retention.