作文前计划的时间因素对前计划效应的影响

INFLUENCE OF PRE-COMPOSITION PLANNING TIME ON THE PRE-COMPOSITION PLANNING EFFECT

采用自然实验与实验室实验相结合的方法，通过两个实验探讨作文前计划的时间因素对前计划效应的影响。结果发现，作文方式决定前计划用时，前计划用时影响前计划效应，前计划效应决定前计划形式的作用。这一结果表明，在既有前计划又有外部视觉表征的情况下，前计划本身在前计划时限与前计划形式的关系中起着决定性的作用。因为前计划的存在，使外部视觉表征的作用呈现出更为复杂的情况，从而表现为长时限前计划即充分前计划条件下，外部视觉表征具有重要意义，短时限前计划即不充分前计划条件下，计划比外部视觉表征更具价值。

This paper attempted to study the influence of pre-composition planning time on the pre-compositionplanning effect by the method of combining natural experiment and laboratory experiment. Our studydiscovered that the composition form determined the planning time, which in turn influenced theplanning effect which then determined the composition form. This indicated that with both the plan andthe external representation, the plan itself played a decisive role in the relations between the limitedtime for planning and the planning form. A more complicated case about the effect of the externalrepresentation emerged when the plan existed, i. e. the external representation is of great significancewhen there is plenty of time for planning. In contrast, the plan is of greater significance than theexternal representation when there is not enough time to plan.