小学几何教学中计算机不同应用模式的比较

COMPARISON OF DIFFERENT COMPUTER APPLICATION MODES IN INSTRUCTION OF PRIMARY SCHOOL GEOMETRY

计算机应用于教育存在两种常见模式：工具模式和辅导者模式（ＣＡＩ）。该文综合了国内外关于这两种模式教学效果的理论和实证研究，设计出以画笔为工具软件的合作工具模式和合作ＣＡＩ，进行了为期一周的几何教学研究。研究采用前后测准实验设计考察不同应用模式在几何知识和推理能力方面的教学效果，以问卷调查和访谈法考察学生和教师的态度与动机，作品分析法考察学生的学习过程。实验结果表明：①合作工具模式在几何知识和推理能力方面的教学效果显著优于合作ＣＡＩ，并能有效培养学生积极的学习态度；②恰当的教学方法能大大提高工具模式的有效性；③表征的特征能影响学生的认知建构过程。

There are two instructional modes when computer is applied to education, Tool mode and Tutormode. This paper reviewed issues of theoretical and empirical researches on these two fields, andproposed a cooperative tool mode with Windows PBrush. A one-week instruction in geometric reasoningwas conducted and its effect on geometric knowledge and reasoning ability was investigated by pre-posttest experiment. Attitude and motivation of students and teachers were investigated with surveys andinterviews. it also analyzed learning process of students with work analysis method. The result showedthat:Cooperative tool mode instruction brought on significant outcomes in reasoning ability, geometricknowledge, and study motivation than cooperative CAI; proper instructional methods can promoteinstruction effects, feature and quantity of information representation can affect the learner's cognitiveconstruction.