吞吐型湖泊湿地最低生态需水研究——以鄱阳湖湿地为例

Study on lowest ecological water requirement for lakes of taking in & sending out waters:a case study in Poyang Lake Wetland

作为吞吐型湖泊湿地典型代表的鄱阳湖湿地,蕴藏有许多珍贵物种基因,具有极高的生物多样性.近几十年来由于各种原因鄱阳湖湿地的面积一直在萎缩.现从生态学和水文学观点出发,运用湖泊形态分析法对鄱阳湖的水位面积资料进行分析计算,得到作为中国第一大淡水湖的鄱阳湖,最低生态需水位为9.37 m,最低水位所对应的生态需水量为8.46×108 m3.

Poyang Lake located in Jiangxi Province is the largest freshwater lake in China. Poyang Lake wetland ecosystem is a complex, open and interactive system with biodiversity. In recent years, the size of Poyang Lake wetland ecosystem has been decreasing because of a variety of factors. In this paper, from the perspective of ecology and hydrology, we calculate and analyze the water level data with the lake morphology analytic method, and find that the lowest ecological water level of Poyang Lake is 9.37 m, and the lowest ecological water requirement corresponding to the lowest water level is 8.46 ×10^8 m^3.