从“重生”到“知死”——简论孔子的人生哲学观

From "Rebirth" to "Knowledge of Death":Confucian Philosophy of Life

以《论语》为原典,集中分析和讨论了孔子"未知生焉知死"、"生死有命"和"志士仁人,无求生以害仁,有杀生以成仁"等人生哲学思想,指出:孔子重视"生"并不意味着忽视"死",强调人之"知生死"就是"知命",即明白"死生有命";面对"求之在天者"而非"求之在我者"的生死问题,人所能做的就是以"践仁"来实现生命的永恒价值,并借此获得对个体生死的超越。

This paper discusses the Confucian philosophy of life reflected in the Chinese classic The Analects,including ＂If you don＇t know what the Living is,how can you get to know what is Death？＂,＂Life and death are decreed by fate＂,and ＂A man with noble ideals or a humane man never gives up humanity to save his life,but may sacrifice his life to gain humanity＂.It concludes that the Confucian attention to life does mean his neglect of death,and his philosophy on life and death is one of predestined fate.When faced up with life and death,what a noble man should do is practice humanity through which he can realize the eternal value of life and transcend individual life and death.