黄石城区及周边镇慢性肾脏病现状的调查

Epidemiological Investigation of Adult Chronic Kidney Disease in Urban Communities of Huangshi City and the Surrounding Towns

目的了解黄石城区及周边镇成人慢性肾脏病(CKD)的流行现状。方法采取整群随机抽取黄石市城区内3个社区及黄石周边2个乡镇,对城内社区及镇中心常住居民共8923人进行问卷调查及相关指标检测,并对CKD检出者行为期1年的随访,了解其对疾病认知度及依从性。结果在资料完整的7652名居民中白蛋白尿、血尿、估算肾小球滤过率(eGFR)下降的患病率分别为8.1%、4.9%和3.0%,CKD患病率13.2%。检出存在CKD对象中,糖尿病、高血压、高脂血症、高尿酸血症患病率分别为12.3%、21.5%、28.5%、32.3%,高出总调查对象的5.1%、12.3%、18.2%、22.5%。调查初期CKD的认知率8.6%,调查后期上升到47.9%,但随访依从性与初期相比有所下降,城区下降明显(χ2=10.45,P=0.01)。结论黄石城区及周边镇成人CKD患病率为13.2%。糖尿病、高血压、高脂血症、高尿酸血症是CKD的相关危险因素。患者认知率逐步提高,但随访依从性较差。

Objective To study the prevalence of chronic kidney disease （CKD）among adults in urban communities of Huangshi city and the surrounding towns. Methods 8923 residents from three communities and two towns were randomly selected by using a cluster random sampling. They were interviewed and re- ceived physical examination and measurements of urine and blood for renal damage as well as risk factors. The awareness of CKD and compliance were also collected in patients with CKD. Results Eligible data of 7652 subjects were ,included in the study. The prevalence rates of albuminuria, hematuria, and estimated glomerular filtration rate（eGFR） decline in were 8.1% ,4.9% and 3.0% , and that of CKD was 13.2%. The prevalence of diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, hyperurieemia in patients with CKD were 12.3 % ,21.5 %, 28.5 % and 32.3% ,which were higher thanS. 1% ,12.3% ,18.2% and 22.5% of the overall objects. The rate of awareness of CKD was increased from 8.6% to 47.9% in the later stage, but the follow-up of compliance was declined compared to the early stage （ x^2 = 10.45, P = 0.01 ）. Conclusion The prevalence of CKD in Huangshi area is 13.2%. CKD-related risk factors are diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and hyperuricemia. The awareness of CKD is gradually increasing, but the follow-up compliance is poor.