自然富硒与人工施硒肥的比较

The Comparison Between Natural and Artificial Fertilization Se-rich Soil

利用盆栽试验,将江门市优质稻产地的非富硒区土壤中的有效硒调至富硒区土壤有效硒含量水平。试验表明,人工施加硒肥能够短时间内有效提高水稻中硒的含量,使其接近甚至超过自然富硒土壤区所产出水稻硒的含量。人工施肥除提高水稻含硒量外,还能提升水稻对营养元素的吸收能力以及对有害元素的拮抗能力,但水稻成熟期的提前影响了水稻的正常生理期,使水稻的理化成份及营养物质的合成受到一定的影响,如降低了水稻的出糙率、整精米率,增加了垩白粒率,对食味品质分和胶稠度等均有一定影响。人工施加的硒肥还对土壤酸碱度、土壤氧化还原条件、有机质的吸附能力等造成影响,从而影响土壤中的营养元素和有毒有害元素的化学平衡。

Researched the Se non-rich soils of high-quality rice producing area of Jiangmen by pot experiment. Increase soil available selenium in Se non-enrich soil to the level of available Se content of Se-rich soil. Experiments showed that the artificially imposed Se fertilizers can improve Se content of rice quickly; making it close to or above Se content of rice that grown in the natural Se-rich soil area. Artificial fertilization not only can improve Se content of rice, but also can increase the absorption capacity of nutrients and the antagonistic capacity of harmful elements. But made the maturity of rice advance and thus affect the normal physiology of rice, to some extent affecting the rice of physical and chemical composition and synthesis of nutrients. Such as reducing the unpolished rice yield of paddy and head rice rate, increased the chalky rice rate, having some impact on eating quality points and gel consistency. Artificial Se fertilizer was also affect soil pH value, soil redox conditions, adsorption capacity of organic matter, thus affecting the chemical equilibrium between the soil nutrient elements and toxic elements.