四川省1312名中学生非自杀性自伤行为检出率及其危险因素研究

Study on the detection rate and risk factors regarding non-suicidal self-injurious behavior in middle school students

目的了解中学生非自杀性自伤行为的检出率及其危险因素。方法采用青少年危险行为评定量表（RBQ—A）、家庭环境量表简式（FES—F）、调查用抑郁自评量表（CES—D）、青少年生活事件量表（ASLEC）、青少年社会支持量表（SSSA）及自制的一般情况调查量表，于2011年4月以多阶段抽样的方法对四川省彭州市和三台县抽取的1312名中学生进行调查，收回有效问卷1288份；采用多因素logistic回归分析，筛选出中学生非自杀性自伤行为的主要危险因素。结果1288名中学生中，有22．67％的人在近一年内曾有过非自杀性自伤行为，男女生检出率分别为22．70％、22．64％，两者差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。有63．36％的人曾采用多种不同的方式进行自我伤害，割伤或烫伤白已者中以男牛居多，为26．88％，女生为11．36％。有非自杀性白伤行为者的ASLEC、CES-D的量表分数较无自伤行为者高，而SSSA量表分数则低于无自伤者：logistic回归分析结果显示，家庭矛盾、抑郁情绪、负性生活事件、社会支持少是中学生发生非自杀性自伤行为的主要危险因素。结论当地中学生非自杀性自伤行为发生率很高，应依据其主要危险因素采取必要的干预措施。

Objective To understand the prevalence and risk factors of non-suicidal self-injury in middle school students. Methods 1312 middle school students of Pengzhou and Santai were selected to fill in a Risky Behavior Questionnaire for Adoluscents （RBQ-A） , Family Environment Scale （FES）, Center for Epidemiological Survey, Depression Scale （ CES-D ）, Adolescent Self-Rating Life Events Check List （ASLEC） , Social Support Scale for Adolescents （SSSA） and self-administered questionnaire. In all the research subjects, 1288 were qualified for the study in April 2011 before the risk factors for non-suicidal self-injury were identified by logistic regression. Results In 1288 middle school students, 22.67% had a history of non-suicidal self-injury, with 22.70% in boys and 22.64% in girls. 63.36% of students had injured themselves through variously ways, more seen in boys（26.88% ） than in girls （11.36% ） who cut or burnt themselves. The scores of ASLEC and CES-D in non-suicidal self-injury group appeared higher than that in the control group and the score of SSSA was found higher in the control group. The main risk factors for non-suicidal self-injuries were family conflict, depressive emotion, negative life events and receiving less social support. Conclusion The prevalence of non-suicidal self-injury among middle school students in Pengzhou was high, whicn called for more attention.