健康教育对中国流动人口艾滋病高危性行为干预效果的Meta分析

Meta-analysis on the effects of health education towards HIV/AIDS high-risk behavior, knowledge, and related attitude among floating population in China

目的综合评价健康教育对中国流动人口艾滋病高危性行为相关知、信、行的干预效果。方法计算机检索中文数据库，收集2005-2010年在国内公开发表的关于我国流动人口艾滋病健康教育的文献。文献研究类型为自身前后对照研究或含有自身前后对照研究的部分，且干预手段为艾滋病健康教育。数据分析采用RevMan4．2软件，对所选艾滋病高危性行为相关的8个指标进行Meta分析。结果健康教育后，中国流动人口对“安全套可以降低艾滋病的感染风险”知晓程度提高了23％[率差（RD）95％CI：0．19～0．27]；“保持单一性关系能降低艾滋病感染风险”的知晓程度提高了18％（RD95％CI：0．14～0．23）；“性生活中愿意使用安全套”的比例提高16％（RD95％C1：0.11～0．22）；“商业性行为”发生率降低6％（RD95％CI：-0．11～-0．02）；“商业性行为每次使用安全套”的比例提高了17％（RD95％CI：0．10—0．23）；“最近一次性生活使用安全套”的比例提高25％（RD95％CI：0．15～0．35），P值均〈0．01。结论健康教育对中国流动人口艾滋病高危性行为相关知、信、行均有较大程度的改善，有必要对该人群采取多种形式的健康教育，以降低其危险性行为。

Objective To evaluate the effects of health education on HIV/AIDS high-risk behaviors, knowledge, and attitude among floating population in China. Methods A computerized literature searching was carried out in Chinese Biomedical Database, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wan Fang and VIP databases to collect articles published in China between 2005 and 2010. Words as ＂AIDS＂ ,＂ Floating Population＂,＂ Intervention ＂,＂ Health Education ＂,＂ High-risk Behavior＂ were used. Type of studies would include ＂self-control intervention studies or studies containing sections of self-control intervention＂. Meta-analyses were performed to assess 8 outcomes which targeting on high-risk behavior, knowledge and attitudes of AIDS. RevMan 4.2 software was used to analyze the intervention effects for these indexes. Results After the interventions, the rate on awareness of ＂Whether condoms can reduce the HIV/AIDS infection risk＂ increased by 23% [rate difference （RD） 95% CI： 0.19, 0.27] and ＂Whether keeping monogamous sexual relationship can reduce the risk of infection＂ increased by 18% （RD 95%CI： 0.14,0.23 ）. The proportion of ＂Willing to use condoms in sexual life＂ increased by 16% （RD 95% Ch 0.11,0.22） ; and ＂The incidence of commercial sex behaviors＂ reduced by 6% （RD 95% CI：-0.11,-0.02）. ＂The Ratio of condom use during commercial sex behaviors＂ increased by 17% （RD 95% CI： 0.10, 0.23 ）. and ＂Recent use of condoms during sex＂ increased by 25% （RD 95% CI： 0.15, 0.35）. All the data showed significant differences （P〈0.01） , respectively. Conclusion After health education, great improvements were found for HIV-related sexual knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors among the floating population.