论“东南互保”中的地方督抚与西方列强——晚清地方政权与列强的一种关系

On the Local Governors and the Western Powers in the ″Southeast Mutual Protection″——A Relationship of Local Authority and Powers in the Late Qing Dynasty

"东南互保"是清末庚子年间的一件大事,当北方中央政府与西方列强发生战争之际,东南地方督抚却同列强达成了某种意义上的妥协。鸦片战争之后,随着西方列强不断侵入,清朝各种政治力量对列强的态度也在不断变化。那些受西方文明影响较深的东南地区,列强在带来屈辱和掠夺的同时,更多的是向他们表现了一种先进文明的强大力量,这些地区的地方督抚大员在处理与列强的问题时更多的是倾向于接受列强所带来的文明并与其进行更多的合作以确保自己的统治,使得晚清社会出现了一种新的地方与外国势力的关系。

″Southeast mutual protection″ was a major event in the Boxer years of the late Qing Dynasty.When the north central government warred with the Western powers,the southeast local governors reached a sense of compromise with the powers.After the Opium War,as Western powers invading constantly,the attitudes to the powers of all kinds of political forces of the Qing also changed.In the southeast heavily influenced by Western civilization,powers brought humiliation and plunder,in the same time the performance of the powerful force of an advanced civilization more.In these areas,local governors inclined to accept the civilization brought by the powers and cooperate more with them in dealing with the problem about the powers in order to ensure their governances,making a new relationship appear between local and foreign forces in the late Qing Dynasty.