高层建筑物的防雷接地和屏蔽探讨

Lightning Protection Grounding and Shielding of High-rise Buildings

依据在广东地区的调查资料和三水的高层建筑通信大楼的雷击试验结果,把高层建筑物作为一个防雷系统工程来探讨,对吸引半径、屏蔽效果、屏蔽角、框架阻抗、幅射电阻、转移电位和接地系统等7个问题进行了分析计算。得出以下结论:高层建筑物的吸引半径较大,其接闪装置宜用吸引上行雷的垂直避雷针;高层建筑物的屏蔽角不大,与其相邻的建筑物也应考虑必要的防雷保护措施;钢筋框架阻抗、辐射电阻不可忽视,沿高度敷设金属管线时,应按照低频耦合、电耦合和高频耦合的特性设计布线;金属管线产生的转移电位会通过引出、引进的金属管线传输到邻近的建筑物;接地系统由不同用途的接地形式构成。

Based on the lightning survey data of Sanshui in Guangdong province, and the lightning test of communication buildings. Seven aspects of High-rise buildings lightning protection as attractive radius, shielding effect, shielding angle, frame resistance, radiation resistance, metastasis potential and the grounding system were discussed. It shows that if the high-rise buildings is with large attractive radius, the flash device is suggested for vertical lightning rod attracting upwards lightning. If the high- rise buildings are with small shielding angle, the adjacent buildings are also suggested to take the necessary measures for lightning protection. The impedance of Steel frame and radiation can not be ignored. The characteristics of frequency coupling, electrical coupling and high coupling should be considered while the metal pipelines are laid along the height. The transfer potential generated by Metal pipelines will transfer to neighboring buildings through introducing the leading-out the metal pipe. The grounding system was composed by the grounding forms with different use.