民国河南乡村教育运动中的乡土教材研究

A Research on Local Teaching Materials of Henan Rural Education Movement in the Republic of China

乡村教育运动是产生于20世纪20年代的一场社会改良运动。乡村教育立足于乡村生活,以改良农村现状,解决农村实际问题为目的。乡村教育的内容多与乡土紧密结合,所使用的教材多为乡土教材。近代河南乡村教育运动主要有王拱璧的新村教育,其教育内容体现为新村自治与农事农俗;省立民众师范院的教育多以民生教育为主;百泉乡村师范学院的教学多以乡土活动为主;省立教育实验区的乡土教材多以乡土调查和民众读物为主。

Rural Education Movement, a social reform movement, was produced in the 1920s. Its main purpose is to improve the current situation and solve practical problems in rural areas based on the actual village life. Content of rural education, linked closely with local knowledge teaching materials. In modem Henan, many rural education movements occured. Such as, village education which Wang Gongbi held in, village self-government and agricultural farming folk embodied in its content, provincial normal school of people more focused on education to the people＇s livelihood, the Baiquan Rural Training College dominated by local activity, the content of local knowledge teaching materials in provincial educa- tion experimental area mostly were local survey and people reading.