甘肃省玛曲县人工增雨气象条件分析

Analysis on Meteorological Conditions of Artificial Precipitation Enhancement in Maqu County of Gansu Province

分析了甘肃省玛曲县降水的气候背景和天气系统,结果表明,80%的降水是由中尺度对流云团造成。为此,综述了用卫星云图分析青藏高原MCSs活动的特征及其大尺度环境条件和降水的关系,发现青南高原和玛曲对流云团的低云冰水路径,其中心强度为223～245 g/m2,大于东侧的陇南和陕南,而高云光学厚度则相反,玛曲仅为8,是陇南和陕南的44%,显然与高原海拔高度较高有关。玛曲的大降水多由对流云团产生,降水效率较小约为19%～40%,人工增雨潜力应比冷锋高云带大,但小于古巴热带对流云的增雨率39.7%。

This paper analyzed precipitation climate background and weather system in Maqu County of Gansu Province.The results showed that 80% of the precipitation was caused by mesoscale convective cloud cluster.To this end,it overviewed the MCSs activities characteristics of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,and the relationship between its large-scale environmental conditions and precipitation.It＇s found that the center intensity of ice water path of lower cloud layer in Qingnan Plateau and Maqu convective cloud was 223-245 g/m^2,greater than its in Longnan and Southern Shaanxi.But the upper cloud layer optical depth on the contrary,it＇s only 8 in Maqu,it was 44% of Shaannan＇s and Longnan＇s,this was obviously related to higher altitude in plateau.Maqu large precipitation produced by convective clouds,precipitation efficiency was smaller,that was about 19%-40%.The potential of artificial precipitation enhancement was higher than its in cold front cloud band,but less than the Cuban tropical convective cloud,it was 39.7%.