宿根稻正季与越冬季生长发育特性的比较

Comparisons on the Growth and Development Characteristics Between Normal Cultivation and Overwintering Cultivation of Perennial Rice

采用土培盆栽法,调查分析芽休眠宿根稻——大粒稻和刘野1号的正季与自然越冬萌发后水稻的生长发育特性。结果表明,宿根稻越冬季比正季的苗始历期、始成历期和全生育期短,且苗始历期缩短效应大于始成历期;具有植株矮、穗长、穗颈粗和枝梗数多的形态农艺特征,且单株有效穗数、穗总粒数和穗实粒数多,结实率高。宿根稻越冬季的优良形态农艺和产量性状使其产量比正季高1倍左右。因此,宿根稻越冬季栽培优于正季。

The growth and development characteristics of perennial rice with dormant buds （Dalidao and Liuye No.1） were measured and analyzed under the normal and overwintering cultivations in soil pot experiment. The results were showed that the days from seedling to initial panicle, days from initial panicle to maturity and whole growth stage of perennial rice under the overwintering cultivation were shorter than those under normal cultivation, and the shortening effect on days from seedling to initial panicle of perennial rice was stronger than those shortening effects on days from initial panicle to maturity of perennial rice. Compared normal cultivation with overwintering cultivation, perennial rice under overwintering cultivation had better morph-agronomic traits, such as shorter plant height, longer panicle length, wider panicle internode width and more branches of panicle. The effective panicle per plant, total and filled grains per panicle and seed-setting rate of perennial rice under overwintering cultivation were more than those under normal cultivation. Because of excellent morph-agronomic and yield traits of perennial rice under overwintering cultivation, its yield doubled that under normal cultivation. Therefore, overwintering cultivation of perennial rice was better than normal cultivation.