自然崩落法采矿矿岩崩落过程数值模拟研究

Numerical Study on Caving State of Overlying Rock and Orebody by Caving Method

由崩落法开采引起的矿岩崩落及其诱发的地表沉陷是一个复杂的空间与时间关系问题。以CEMI的"矿块崩落与地表沉陷模拟"项目为研究背景,利用数值模拟方法研究了深部、大规模自然崩落开采矿岩崩落的基本规律。数值模拟捕捉到了矿岩崩落过程中压力平衡拱的演化,以及裂隙萌生、扩展、贯穿岩桥的过程,研究表明,压力平衡拱的动态演化是矿岩崩落出现间歇和跳跃的内在动因,陷落角、起裂角和地表沉陷模式都受控于矿岩的崩落状态。

The caving of overlying rock and orebody, and associated ground surface subsidence is a complex issue involving time and space. Based on the project of ＂Modelling Block Caving to Surface＂ proposed by CEMI, numerical investigations were conducted on the caving state and ground surface subsidence involving deep and large-scale caving. The evolu- tion of pressure equilibrium arch and the fracturing process in rock mass were numerically obtained. It is shown that evolution of pressure equilibrium arch is the trigcr of caving with intermission and jump. The break angle, fracture initiation angle and associated ground surface subsidence are all depended on the caving state of overlying rock and orebody.