供应链中产品替代性对柔性资源的影响

IMPACT OF PRODUCT SUBSTITUTION ON FLEXIBLE RESOURCE IN SUPPLY CHAIN

考虑了一个公司采用柔性资源来应对不确定性,这种柔性资源可以用来生产两种不同的产品,此两种产品有一定的替代性.在第一阶段,基于对市场的不确定需求信息,公司决定柔性资源的购买数量;在第二阶段,随着对市场的了解,公司决定如何将这柔性资源分配给两种产品使得实际收益最大.研究了对于给定柔性资源的购买价格,为了使期望收益最大化,公司如何决定其最优的购买数量以及产品之间的替代性对最优决策的影响.发现柔性资源的最优购买数量取决于顾客需求市场大小和购买价格,并且关于购买价格是递减的;当其他因素不变时,柔性资源的最优购买数量关于产品替代性是递增的;离散程度大的产品市场不确定性对公司的决策有直接的影响,且当需求以更大的慨率为高市场时,公司将增加柔性资源的购买数量.

In this paper, flexible resource is used by a firm to better respond to uncertain market condition. The flexible resource can be used to produce two distinct but substitutable products. In the first stage, the firm decides the resource capacity based on uncertain demand condition; in the second stage, the firm decides how to allocate the resource between the two products. For the given retail price of this flexible resource, in order to maximize the expected profit, the firm decides how much it purchases from the upstream supplier and how its procurement was affected by the product substitution. The optimal quantity of this flexible resource depends on the market size and is decreasing in the retail price. The quantity of the resource relies on the product which has a larger dispersion of the demand uncertainty and the quantity is increasing in the probability of the high market.