宁夏蚁科昆虫区系研究

Fauna Composition of Formicidae in Ningxia

为了研究宁夏蚁科昆虫区系和地理区划,于2002—2009年,通过挖掘蚁巢等方法,对宁夏蚁科昆虫进行了系统采集和标本整理.结果表明,共获得标本20 000多个,经分类鉴定出69种,分属于3亚科19属;宁夏蚁科昆虫主要种类是古北种,有41种,占全部种类的59.42%,其次是东洋种,有7种,占全部种类的10.15%;古北和东洋共有种15种,占全部种类的21.74%;将宁夏蚁科昆虫划分为4个地理区域,即六盘山区,黄土高原区,荒漠、半荒漠区,贺兰山山区.宁夏蚁科昆虫区系具有古北种占绝对优势;荒漠蚂蚁种类多;在各个地理区域中,特有种较多,广布种少的特点.

Fauna and regional areas of formicidae in Ningxia were investigated from the year of 2002 to 2009. The results show that 20 000 specimens were collected, and a total of 69 species belonging to 19 genera and 3 subfamilies were recorded. Analysis on the composition of Formicidae faunal in Ningxia, the predominant types were Palaearctic species, which had 41 species and accounted for 59. 42%. Oriental species were 7 species and accounted for 10.15%. Palaearctic and Oriental Region species were 15 species and accounted for 21. 74%. The Formicidae fauna in Ningxia were divided into 4 different geographical regions including Liupan Mountains region, loess plateau region, desert and half-desert grassland region, and Helan Mountains region. The characteristics of Formicidae faunal had three points. Palaearctic species is predominant taxa and had higher diversity; desert ants had higher diversity; in all geographical regions, the endemic species had higher diversity and common species had lower diversity.