茶秆竹民族植物学及其意义

The Significance and Ethnobotanist of Pseudosasa amabilis in Northwest Guangdong

文章应用民族植物学和文化人类学方法,调查粤西北山区茶秆竹生产历史和方式,总结了产地人们认识、利用和管理茶秆竹的传统知识和经验及其对生物多样性的影响。结果表明:怀集茶秆竹出口历史长达170年。在20世纪80年代,原产地已形成了一套科学合理的茶秆竹种植、抚育和管理方法。约80%的家庭经济收入中的80%以上来源于茶秆竹生产。与20年生杉木、杉竹混交林相比,茶杆竹纯林单位平均年产值分别减少49%和52%。所以需正确认识和利用茶秆竹的优良品质和名声,在政府部门的正确引导下,发展茶秆竹和乔木的综合经营,继续为社会经济的健康发展和生物多样性保护做贡献。

Pseudosasa amabilis is a kind of bamboo coming from the mountainous area in Northwest Guang- dong, and is called rich bamboo by other people. We applied ethnobotanical theory and cultural anthropological methods to investigate its production history and ways. We concluded the knowledge and experience in utilizing and processing this plant by local people and its impact for biodiversity protection. The results showed that： 170 years ago, it was exported abroad began, its populations suffering threaten and serious, Under the guidance of govern- ment in the 1980s, the origin of people have come up a scientific and reasonable planting, tending and management methods of P. amabilis. In origin, the bamboo production supply the basis of survival and development foundation for the origin of people, about 80% families work on bamboo production, and more than 80% household income form this. Compare with 20-year-fir （ Cunninghamia lanceolata） and fir mixed forestry of P. amabilise, its annual and average value per hectare respectively reduce 49% and 52%. Need to correctly understand and use good quali- ty and reputation, the local government should play a certain role in developing the production of bamboo, such as leading the local people to development of bamboo mix tree comprehensive management for soeio-economic develop- ment and health, contribute to biodiversity conservation.