单兵操作野战快速固定及运送担架的仿真模拟研究

Study of simulation of a field stretcher for general first aid

目的设计并改进适合野战部队的可供单兵操作且能快速固定伤员并对伤员进行初救的担架。方法应用铝钛合金和聚乙烯材料,根据中国人体型制作单兵操作野战快速固定及运送担架,并在模拟试验环境中记录不同天气(雨、寒冷)、不同环境(陆地、江河)下完成外固定操作的时间,并测量其强度。结果一整套单兵操作野战快速固定及运送担架质量为5.5 kg,完成单例外固定操作的时间为水中1～2 min,干燥环境中0.5～1 min,担架能承受的最大质量为250 kg。结论单兵操作野战快速固定及运送担架总体性能达到指标,克服了传统担架质量大,携行不方便等缺点,达到了自身质量小,耗费人力少,操作简捷,可模块化拆卸等优点。

Objective To design and improve a stretcher that can be operated by one single soldier in the battle field to quickly fasten the wounded and give first aid.Methods The stretcher was made by titanium-aluminium alloy and polythene based on the figure of the Chinese in order to fasten and transport the wounded quickly.It was tested under analogous circumstances to record the time taken to fasten someone under different meteological conditions（rain or cold） and at different places（on land or in a river） and measure its intensity.Results The stretcher could finish a fixed operation in 1 to 2 minutes in the river,30 seconds to 1 minute on land.The stretcher could bear 250 kilograms.Conclusion Compared with traditional stretchers,the new sterctcher is light,inexpensive and user-friendly and can achieve modularization.