滇西北高原烟蚜茧蜂繁育及田间防治蚜虫效果

Aphidius Gifuensis Rearing and Its Effect of Aphids Control in the Filed in Northwest Plateau of Yunnan

为对丽江滇西高原烟蚜茧蜂繁殖技术作出评价和适合当地提供基础,采用蜂蚜同接技术,在18个简易温室塑料小棚大量繁殖烟蚜茧蜂,并进行田间释放烟蚜茧蜂防治烟蚜的试验。结果表明:(1)烟蚜繁殖较快,接蚜15 d后与20 d后,数量分别达到接蚜时的10倍与20倍,寄生率为7.83%与9.15%。在烟蚜繁殖的同时,寄生蚜数量也在增加,且寄生率控制在适合的范围内,为单株饲养烟蚜茧蜂创造条件。(2)接蚜15 d,烟蚜数量达到994头/株,是接蚜时的8倍,僵蚜数量61头/株;接蚜20 d,烟蚜达到1 344头/株,是接蚜时的11倍,僵蚜数量284头/株。烟蚜的快速繁殖为烟蚜茧蜂的繁殖创造了条件,同时,烟蚜茧蜂的繁殖能力也相当快,能满足大田散放烟蚜茧蜂数量的需求。(3)放蜂烟田比对照烟田少使用农药3次,生物防治效果显著,达82%,农药施用金额平均减少4.12元。

In order to make evaluation on technology of Aphidius gifuensis rearing in western of Yunnan plateau and provide the basis for its localization, using oculated on the same tobacco simultaneously to breed A. the technology which A. gifuensis and aphid ingifuensis largely in 18 simple greenhouse plastic dometo, and test which releasing A. gifuensis in field to prevent and cure aphid was carried out. The results showed that： （1） Aphid multiply faster, its quantity achieved 10 times and 20 times after 15 days and 20 days of inoculating aphid, parasitic ratio was 7.83% and 9.15%. Number of parasitic aphid was increasing when aphid bred, and parasitic rate was controlled in a suitable extent, which created conditions for feeding aphid on single tobacco plant. （2） After 15 days of inoculating aphid, aphid number reached 994 head/plant which was 8 times of aphid was inoculated, number of mummified aphid were 61 per plant： after 20 days of inoculating aphid, aphid number reached 1 344 per plant which was 11 times of aphid was inoculated, number of mummified aphid were 284 per plant. Rapid breed of aphid created conditions for created conditions for A. gifuensis, meanwhile, fertility of A. gifuensis was also quite quickly which could meet the number demand of loose releasing A. gifuensis in field. （3） Applying pesticide in filed that releasing A. gifuensis was less three times than contrast filed, biological control effect was remarkable, was 82%, sum of applying pesticide reduced 4. 12 Yuan averagely.