草地围封内外植物多样性变化研究——以辉河自然保护区为例

Diversity of Grassland Plant Inside and Outside of Enclosure——A Case Study in the Hui River Natural Reserve

围栏封育是应对草原退化的重要手段,对草原植被生态系统多样性保护具有重要作用。以辉河自然保护区内不同草地类型(典型草原、湿地草甸、沙化草原)为对象,对不同典型地区的围栏内外植被的地上生物量、高度、盖度、植株密度及植物物种多样性进行了调查和研究。结果表明:典型草原、湿地草甸、沙化草原围栏内生物量分别增加20.4%,88.8%,-29.9%,相对高度增加5.2%,91.9%,-36.3%,植被盖度分别增加64.5%,43.4%,-17.5%,植株密度分别增加-14.0%,135.5%,72.5%;牲畜啃噬致使围栏外禾本科、豆科、菊科植物占比重有所增加;不同草地类型围栏内外群落相似性不大,群落物种组成均发生了较大的变化。通过分析围栏外生物多样性的变化规律及影响因素,为区域自然生态系统保护的途径提供理论支持。

The enclosed pasture has an important role in the important measures of controlling grassland degradation and grassland vegetation ecosystem diversity protection.In this study,different grass types（typical grassland,wetland meadows,grassland desertification） were taken as the objects in the natural protection area of Hui river.The vegetation biomass,height,coverage,plant density and plant species diversity of inside and outside of enclosure in different typical region had surveyed and researched.The results show that： the typical grassland,wetland meadows,grassland desertification biomass fence rose up to 20.4%,88.8%,-29.9%,relatively highly increased by 5.2%,91.9%,-36.3%,respectively,and the vegetation coverage increased by 64.5%,43.4%,-17.5%,respectively,plant density increased by-14.0%,135.5%,72.5%;The gramineous,leguminosae,compositae plants in outside of enclosure had increased due to graing.The community similarity grass in different types of inside and outside of enclosure is not big,the community species composition changed a lot.Through the analysis of enclosure of biological diversity variation rules and the influencing factors,theoretical support way was put forward to protect the natural ecological system.