多粮浓香型白酒生产中放线菌的多样性

Diversity of Actinomycetes in the Brewing Process of Luzhou-flavor Multiple-grains Liquor

以改良的高氏I号培养基为基质,从多家宜宾多粮浓香型白酒生产企业的窖房空气、曲房空气、窖泥和糟醅分离到123株典型丝状放线菌,并对其进行了基于16S rRNA基因序列的系统发育分析。结果显示;123株典型放线菌分属于Streptomyce、Massilia、Nocardiopsis 3个属,Streptomyce为绝对优势属(121株,占总菌株数的98.4%);Streptomyce属的121株菌与该属内26个种的典型菌株序列相似度≥98%,其中,有45株与S.violascensISP 5183T序列最接近,分布于4个取样点;在4个取样点中,窖泥的丰富度指数和多样性指数最高,糟醅的优势度指数最高;各样点间放线菌的相似性较低,且都存在特有的放线菌类群。

A total of 123 typical strains of actinomycetes were isolated from the air in fermentation workshop and Qu workshop,pit mud and fermented grains in several distilleries of Luzhou-flavor multiple-grains using modified Gogan-I medium.Their phylogenetic analysis was carried out based on 16S rRNA gene sequence.The results showed that the 123 strains belonged to 3 genera（Streptomyces,Massilia and Nocardiopsis）,with Streptomyces being the dominant one（121 strains,accounting for 98.4% of the total isolated 123 strains）.The 16S rRNA sequence similarity of the isolated 121 Streptomyces strains to those of the 26 typical strains published in Genbank was more than 98%,among which 45 strains were most closely related to the typical strains S.violascens ISP 5183T and distributed in 4 sample plots.Among the 4 sample plots,the richness index and diversity index was the highest in pit mud,and the dominance index was the highest in fermented grains.The similarity index among 4 sample plots was low and special species of actinomycetes existed in every plots.