国际救援儿童村儿童个性行为的分析研究

Study on the Characters and Behaviors of Children from the SOS Children Village

目的探讨国际救援（SOS）儿童村抚养方式对儿童个性行为的影响。方法将南昌市SOS儿童村7~15岁儿童64名为研究组,随机抽取7~15岁普通双亲家庭儿童70名为对照组,使用艾森克个性问卷-儿童版（EPQ）和A chenbachs儿童行为量表（CBCL）对两组儿童进行测评,并对两组结果进行比较。结果 EPQ分值显示SOS儿童村和普通双亲家庭儿童在内外向、情绪稳定性和纯朴性上（t=-0.81,0.64,-0.03;P〉0.05）无显著差异,在精神质上（t=2.11,P〈0.05）存在显著差异,但SOS儿童村男女儿童之间无显著差异;CBCL分值显示SOS儿童村和普通双亲家庭儿童在活动能力和社交能力上（t=0.43,1.68;P〉0.05）无显著差异;在学校情况上（t=-3.38,P〈0.05）普通双亲家庭儿童高于SOS儿童村儿童,且SOS儿童村女童高于男童（t=-2.93,P〈0.05）;CBCL分值显示SOS儿童村和普通双亲家庭儿童行为问题在总体上（t=1.53,P〉0.05）无显著差异;在SOS儿童村多动男童多于女童（2χ=3.95,P〈0.05）,抑郁女童多于男童（χ2=4.05,P〈0.05）。结论 SOS儿童村是一种较好的抚养孤儿的方式,但志愿母亲在教育方式上面临的问题较多,并且针对男女儿童的不同问题要采取不同应对措施。

Objective To explove the effects of the rearing way of the SOS children village on children characters and behaviors. Methods A total of 64 children from Nanchang SOS children village were chosen as a test group whose age were 7-15 years old, and 70 children in the same age from ordinary family were randomly taken as a comparative group. The two groups were assessed by EPQ and CBCL. Results There were no significant differences in the scores of introversion-extroversion,motion stability and simplicity （t = -0. 81,0. 64, -0.03 ; P〉 0.05）, but there was significant difference in psychoticism （t = 2.11, P〈0.05 ）. There were no significant differences in the scores of active ability and sociable ability （t= 0. 43,1. 68;P〉0. 05） between two groups,but there was significant difference in school situation （t =-3.38, P〈 0. 05 ）. And in school situation （t =-2. 93, P〈 0. 05 ）girls were higher than boys from Nanchang SOS children village. There was no significant difference between two groups in behavior problem （t = 1.53,P〉0.05） ,but in the test group there were more boys than girls who had some problem on hyperactivity（x2= 3.95 ,P〈0.05） ,more girls than boys on depression （x2=4.05 ,P〈0.05）. Conclusion The rearing way of the SOS children village is good for orphans. There are many problems in education way to the volunteer mothers from SOS children village. They should do something because of the problems of girls and boys.