海外归国者原文化不适应的主客观原因

The Subjective and Objective Factors of Repatriation Maladjustment

目的探索海外归国人员对原文化的再适应问题。方法对留学日本1年的10名中国大学生进行了半结构性访谈调查。对回国后的感受,异文化所产生的影响以及回国后的再适应过程进行了深入调查。结果①被调查者在回国初期普遍有不适应现象,不适应的主要表现为失落,不满和烦躁;②所述的原因主要包括我国在外界环境和硬件设施,以及国民的公共文明素质上与发达国家尚存差距;③异文化接触使留学生自身在仪表,行为,性格,观念等方面产生了改变。结论海外归国者对原文化不适应的客观原因主要在于两国的社会文化差异和经济发展水平不同;主观原因主要是主体的认知偏差,以及异文化对个体的思想行为模式所产生的影响。

Objective To figure out the cause of maladjustment of Chinese returnees from a psychological view. Methods The study interviewed 10 Chinese students who studied in Japan for one year with semi-structured interview after they came back to China for three months. The interview questions involved their feeling after returning to China, the influence of Japanese culture on their behaviors and values,and their adjustment process. Results ①Most of the participants experienced maladjustment during the early weeks after returning to China,characterized as a sense of loss,dissatisfaction and irritation. ②They reported that the gap in external environment,common facilities and public morality resulted in the maladjustment. ③Changes in appearance,behaviors, personality and values were found in the returnees after their long stay in a different culture. Conclusion The difference between China and Japan in their social culture and economical development level was considered as a main objective factor; on the other hand,the participants＇ cognitive bias and the influence of Japanese culture on their behaviors and values were considered as the main subjective factors of maladjustment.