砂磨法制备聚苯胺及其电化学性能的研究

Preparation and Electrochemical Properties of the Polyaniline Synthesized by Sanding Method

首次采用砂磨法制备了导电态聚苯胺(PANI),通过循环伏安和电导率的测试分析,探讨了转速(N)、反应时间(t)、盐酸(HCl)浓度、十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)浓度和过硫酸铵(APS)浓度对产物氧化还原性及导电性能的影响;并采用红外光谱(FT-IR)对产物结构进行了表征.结果表明:当N为400 r/min,t为2 h,HCl与苯胺(An)的摩尔比(nHCl/nAn)为4∶1,SDBS与An的摩尔比(nSDBS/nAn)为1∶1,APS与An的物质的量比(nAPS/nAn)为0.8∶1时,产物的各项性能达到最佳值;且砂磨法与乳液法制备的PANI结构相符,电化学性能接近,但是砂磨法的生产成本和环保优势十分显著(砂磨法的反应时间仅为乳液法的1/3,用水量仅为乳液法的1/2).

Conductive polyaniline（PANI） was prepared by sanding method for the first time.The effects of sanding speed,reaction time,the concentration of HCl,sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate（SDBS） and ammonium persulfate（APS） on the redox performance and conductivity of PANI were discussed by cyclic voltammetry and standard four-probe method,and the structure of PANI was characterized by FT-IR.The results indicated that the optimal properties of PANI were achieved when the sanding speed was 400 r/min,the reaction time was 2 h,the molar ratio of HCl to An was 4∶1,the molar ratio of SDBS to An was 1∶1 and the molar ratio of APS to An was 0.8∶1.The structure and electrochemical properties of PANI prepared by sanding method were very close to PANI synthesized by emulsion method.But the production cost and the environmental advantage of sanding method was significant due to the reaction time was only one third of emulsion method and the total amount of water was only one half of emulsion method.